Metal Ions Turn on a Stereoselective Nonenzymatic Reduction of Keto Acids by the Coenzyme NADH
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relationship between genetic molecules and metabolism is one of the longest standing problems for the origin of life. A central molecule within early metabolism is the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)), a modified ribonucleotide and reducing agent. Yet, without enzymes, NADH does not reduce carbonyl compounds, its primary metabolic substrates, leading to an apparent paradox regarding its role in the evolution of metabolism. We now report that abundant metal ions turn on a nonenzymatic, stereoselective, and potentially primordial reduction reaction of keto acids by NADH. Kinetic, mechanistic, and computational studies elucidate the reaction mechanism and the way stereochemistry is transferred. Complexes of metals with RNA-derived coenzymes could have mediated the transition from inorganic to organic reducing agents and the propagation of chirality in early metabolism.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it