About this Series “Post-Soviet Jewry in Transition”
Bibliographic record
Abstract
About this Series "Post-Soviet Jewry in Transition"Jewish life in Eastern Europe, as in other places of the world, underwent dramatic changes in the 20th century.Following World War II, from after the Shoa until the end of the Cold War, Eastern European Jewry was considered almost extinct and without any future.When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and dissolved into 15 independent successor states, the overwhelming majority of its Jewish inhabitants decided to emigrate.Those who stayed behindincluding a small number of preserved religious Jewish communitieswere perceived as a fragment fallen out of another time.Nobody expected a demographic consolidation, let alone a Jewish cultural and religious revival.History turned out otherwise.For about 30 years now, post-Soviet Jewry has experienced an impressive demographic and cultural strengthening and renewalboth in the "Diaspora" and in the territory of the former USSR.Against all odds, many post-Soviet Jewish emigrants opposed assimilation into their countries of destination, stuck to their own networks and began to form their own institutions, organizations and milieus.Surprisingly, their cultural (often also Russian-speaking) self-assertion became significant, whether in the Israeli educational system, in newly formed Jewish centers in the USA, or in local Jewish communities in Germanythe latter now dominated by a majority of "Russians" or "Ukrainians."In addition, re-vitalization of organized Jewish life within some successor states of the USSR has become impressive.Since the beginning of the 1990s, many international Jewish organizations and initiatives have been helping to consolidate community structures, enhance Jewish education, train rabbis and strengthen the bonds of vital Jewish centers around the globe.Former Soviet Jews themselves have also succeeded in reviving their former history and cultural roots, regaining traditional Jewish places and building up modern structures of Jewish life.A new collective self-awareness among post-Soviet Jews has emerged that we can sense not only in Vilnius, Riga, Tallinn, Moscow, Vienna, Kiev, but also in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Berlin, New York City and Toronto.Expressed in numbers, two million Soviet Jews left their home during the 1990s, mostly for good.They dispersed not only to the United States and Israel, the current Jewish demographic centers of the globe, but also to Central Europe, Canada, Australia and other places.They are at present in five dozen countries on five continents.However, by early 2022, about 900,000 Jews and their family members still lived in the post-Soviet countries, despite negative demographic trends.At the same time, (mainly) Russian-speaking Jewry remains the major source for Aliya (Jewish resettlement) in Israel and a possible factor of stabilization for Jewish life in Eastern Europe.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.141 | 0.045 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".