Experimental Investigation of the Motion and Deformation of Droplets in Curved Microchannel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The trajectory and topology of an immiscible droplet moving in a microchannel can be influenced by the flow structure or a vortex within the flow. Channel geometry is a common effective parameter of the flow structure. Investigating the effect of a curved channel on the droplet trajectory and topology helps one to understand the effect of such geometries on the content of the droplets in various applications. The effect of Reynolds number, 3.5 ≤ Re ≤ 7, surface tension, and droplet size has been experimentally studied on the droplet shape and trajectory. Droplets were generated from a 2-propanol–water mixture with a broad range of equivalent diameters of 95 μm ≤ d eq ≤ 610 μm in two microchannels with a 180° and 270° curvature angle. It was found that lateral migration and deformation of the droplet are insensitive to variations in channel Reynolds number. Surface tension, however, has a direct impact on the deformation of the droplets. It can also affect the trajectory of the droplets and direction of lateral migration. Furthermore, droplet size was shown to significantly affect the deformability of the droplet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".