URBAN PLANNING DEVELOPMENT OF ASTRAKHAN IN THE LAST QUARTER OF THE XVIII CENTURY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The urban planning history of Astrakhan continues to be one of the most relevant research topics, both in the all-Russian context and at the local level for understanding the stages of shaping the urban structure. This article presents clarifications about the planning development of Astrakhan in the last quarter of the XVIII century. Based on archival data, the proposals of Governor Krechetnikov P.N. and the initial project of 1775, created under the direction of architect Schneider Y.I., are identified. This plan was the last Highly approved in the XVIII century after the correction by the Commission for the Stone Construction in Saint Petersburg and Moscow. The information about the concept of Potemkin P.S. on the zoning of the territory with the gradation of buildings by number of stories and building materials has been supplemented. Despite the significant role of administrative leaders, architect Digbi A.P. made an important contribution to the creation of the respectable appearance of the central part of the city, consisting of ensembles of administrative, public and residential buildings. The plan of 1798 was approved by the civil governor Zakharov I.S. Emperor Alexander I confirmed the plan in 1801. All parts of the city were integrated into a single system and a regular planning structure was formed as a result of state regulation and support for private construction. Previously unpublished graphic materials from the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive have been analyzed and introduced into scientific circulation
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".