Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This chapter considers the palimpsestic architectural and cultural development of Vietnam’s capital city. Hanoi is a pastiche of early Chinese and indigenous structures, French builds, Soviet-inflected Modern Constructivist architecture, and more recent Western-style, tourist-oriented development. Indeed, despite French assertions to the contrary, Hanoi was always already thoroughly hybridized. Similarly, despite colonial efforts to enforce urban apartheid in Hanoi by dividing the Ancient Quarter known as “the Thirty-Six Streets” from the “rational” grid of French Hanoi, Vietnamese subjects had to pass through White neighborhoods in order to enter and leave the city. Consequently, despite Hanoi’s seeming segregation, its racial barriers were surprisingly porous. And while streets and structures have been redeveloped over the decades, the city’s earlier morphologies recalcitrantly hold their shape. Hanoi’s layered histories therefore frequently undermined French architectures of power. Hanoi authors have tended to focus on the city’s Sino-Vietnamese morphologies, speaking to their capacities to shield and shelter local subjects. In particular, they note that the Ancient Quarter, a maze of winding alleyways full of small stores and workshops, is still the “people’s city.” Moreover, writers who focus on the Old Quarter do so primarily to marshal critiques of neo-imperialism: where private developers would build high-rise hotels and condos—a function of the rise of capitalism in Vietnam in the 1990s that would sacrifice Hanoi’s architectural distinctiveness on the altar of international tourism—these writers see the city’s very sense of place.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.074 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".