Matera <i>in posa</i> : The Photographic Self-Portrait of a Southern-Italian City, 1900–1920
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photography has played an important role in framing popular perceptions of Matera. Scholarship has focused on its representation following 1945. Yet the fact that a photographic portrait of Matera existed before this time is often overlooked. Photographs of the city pre-dating 1920 were mostly published as postcards by local entrepreneurs. This article analyzes a selection of these in the context of evolving representations of Matera and Basilicata in the early twentieth century. Providing insight into the aesthetic and socio-cultural construction of this important aspect of the city’s early photographic portrait, it emphasises that postcards issued by local enterprises offered a perspective on Matera and Basilicata from the publisher’s point of view. They complemented a less prejudiced and sometimes positive portrayal of the region – emerging in a variety of texts, photographs, and public events – that modified narratives often narrowly focused on describing it as impoverished, backward, and isolated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".