Evaluation of carbon dioxide sequestration via interaction with peridotite and peridotite-hosted groundwaters: an experimental case study with Bay of Islands Ophiolite rocks, western Newfoundland, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study measured the CO 2 gas flux into various aqueous media (i.e., simulated ultra-basic and basic groundwater, and deionized water) containing ultramafic rock. Basic and ultra-basic waters simulated the aqueous chemistry and ion concentrations of distinct groundwaters found within terrestrial ultramafic bodies. Experiments were performed in a closed chamber in-line with a CO 2 analyzer, which measured the gaseous CO 2 concentration in the chamber every second. Total inorganic carbon, as well as aqueous species Ca, Mg, and Si were monitored in the reaction fluids. All three fluid types sequestered CO 2 . The addition of crushed peridotite to deionized water reduced the CO 2 concentration in the headspace by 70 ppm (±9 ppm, 1σ, n = 3) and had a calculated CO 2 flux of −2.5 × 10 4 mol/m 2 min (±9 × 10 5 mol/m 2 min, 1σ, n = 3), while the greatest CO 2 flux was observed in ultra-basic Ca-rich waters of −1.40 × 10 3 mol/m 2 min (±3 × 10 5 mol/m 2 min, 1σ, n = 3), which reduced the headspace CO 2 concentration by 323 ppm (±4 ppm, 1σ, n = 3). The presence of calcite was detected using FTIR in ultra-basic waters in the presence and absence of ultramafic rock. A carbon mass balance model indicated that solid carbonates were precipitated in the ultra-basic water experiments, converting up to 59% of the CO 2 removed from the chamber headspace in 4 h. Extrapolating the data collected in these experiments, it was estimated that at surface conditions, with an adequate residence time, the mass of ultramafic rock in the Bay of Islands Complex in Newfoundland could sequester up to 4 million tonnes of atmospheric CO 2 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".