Intergenerational transmission of health behaviors: A population-based study in Germany
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Intergenerational transmission has been identified for many chronic diseases and behavioral factors. Long-term prospective studies are needed that examine different generations within families and determine the expression of specific biological and psychosocial characteristics using a standardized measurement protocol. At present, there are no prospective cohort studies in Germany that have examined the association between the health behavior of parents and children. Methods The ongoing pilot study is the first phase of a population-based longitudinal study on the health behavior of the generations. A random sample of 230 community members aged 70-85 years in Germany was recruited. A face-to-face interview with standardized questionnaires was conducted to collect information on health outcomes, including lifestyle, medical, social, and psychological factors in participants’ lives. Blood and saliva samples were also collected to determine some specific biomarkers. Online questionnaires will be used for younger generations. Results Data collection for the first generation has been completed and recruitment for the second and third generations is expected to be completed by June 2023. Written informed consent has been obtained from all participants. Results from the current study will be presented at the conference. Conclusions Parental health behaviors may influence the onset of risky health behaviors in their offspring. Thus, in order to promote healthy behaviors, it is important to examine these factors to understand whether the transmission from one generation to the next is due to high-risk lifestyles, the direct transmission, or both. Key messages • This pilot study will provide information needed to design a larger population study, i.e., sample size will depend on response rates and associations between psychosocial and biological factors. • Intergenerational transmission may provide an important framework for health promoting interventions leading to healthy aging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".