PSII-12 Growth Performance of Pigs Fed Diets Containing Supplemental Lysine and a Low or High Essential Amino Acid-Nitrogen to Total Nitrogen Ratio
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract With the provision of low protein (LP) diets, it is possible that N, or non-essential amino acids (NEAA), become limiting. We have previously shown that the lysine (Lys) requirement for N retention is greater when pigs are fed a diet with sufficient N, as indicated by a low EAA-N:total N ratio (EAA-N:TN). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of EAA-N:TN and Lys content on growth performance of growing pigs. A total of 240 growing pigs (20.6 ± 2.03 kg initial body weight) were randomly placed into groups of 5 pigs/pen (either 2 barrows and 3 gilts, or 3 barrows and 2 gilts) and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (n = 12 pens/treatment) in 3 blocks in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Factors consisted of dietary EAA-N:TN [optimal ratio (LR) of 0.48 or high ratio (HR) of 0.55] and dietary Lys level of 1.03% SID or 1.22% SID, representing the NRC (2012) requirement and the requirement as determined previously, respectively. Diets were corn and soybean meal based and formulated to meet or exceed nutrient requirements according to NRC (2012). Pigs were individually weighed and feed intake determined weekly to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain:feed (G:F). Fecal samples were collected on d 14 for determination of N output. Data were analyzed using a mixed model with fixed effects of ratio, lysine, and their interaction and block as a random effect. Increasing dietary Lys resulted in increased overall ADG and ADFI, regardless of EAA-N:TN ratio (P < 0.01). Pigs fed the HR diets had improved ADG in week 4 (P < 0.05), whereas pigs fed the LR diets had improved ADG and G:F in week 1 (P < 0.01). There was an interactive effect of ratio and Lys on N output (P < 0.01), where N output decreased in the HR diets with 1.22% Lys. Overall, current Lys requirements may not be sufficient to maximize growth in 20-50 kg pigs, and greater Lys may be beneficial for reducing N output in LP diets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".