One equivalent mining height model for predicting the compression-consolidation-creep-diagenesis of compacted gangue backfill body——A case study on double wide-strip mining with gangue backfill
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Taking the double wide-strip mine gangue backfilling work face of 1101 and 1102 in the Tingnan Coal Mine as the background, this study utilizes theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory experiments, and engineering practices to investigate the complete process of compression-consolidation-creep-diagenesis of the compacted gangue backfill body, the equivalent mining height model, and the surface subsidence characteristics. The results: The maximum control roof distance in the gangue backfilling work face=Tip-to-face distance + Cutting depth + Roof beam length + Post-support gap. The advance subsidence amount of roof is equal to the maximum control roof distance multiplied by the sine value of the roof inclination angle. The height of available backfill space behind the support is equal to the mining height minus the roof advance subsidence, the unfilled height under roof, and the amount of floor heave behind the support. The compacted gangue body undergoes four stages of compression-consolidation-creep- diagenesis within the available filling height, with their respective compressibility rates as follows: skeleton adjustment stage (7.42%), slow compression stage (12.81%), consolidation settlement stage (13.15%), and creep diagenesis stage (25.53%). The equivalent mining heights corresponding to the four stages are 0.94m, 1.10m, 1.11m, and 1.48m, respectively. By comparing the predictions from probability integral method, numerical simulations, and subsidence observations, it is evident that the surface subsidence curves of the 1101 and 1102 working faces, along the strike main section, exhibit a "bowl" shape, with a gentle slope in the first two stages and a steep slope in the latter two stages. ht=Lmax×sinθ The subsidence curves of the 1101 and 1102 working faces, along the dip main section, show a "bowl" shape in the first two stages, and a "W" shape in the latter two stages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".