The food safety behavior of Jordanian restaurant managers and supervisors: A social cognitive theory-based perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As foodborne diseases are current major health issues worldwide, food safety is a global health target. The present work has used social cognitive theory as theoretical support for examining the social and cognitive factors [outcome expectations (OE), self-regulation (SR), environmental determinants (ED), and self-efficacy (SE)] of Jordanian restaurant managers’ and supervisors’ food safety behavior (FSB). The moderator was willingness to comply (WC). Data were collected from the participants via Google Forms using purposive sampling methods. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed, where 250 questionnaires were sent each to the Jordanian Restaurant Association (JRA, representing international and chain food restaurants in Jordan) as well as the Jordanian Union of Restaurants and Confectionary Proprietors (URCP, representing the local Jordanian restaurants). Two hundred and ninety-six completed questionnaires were returned. The hypotheses were analysed with smart partial least squares by structural equation modelling. The analysis determined that OE, SR, ED, and SE had positive impacts on FSB, while WC played a role in moderating the interlinkage among SE, OE, and FSB. To sum up, the current study as a whole also has significant theoretical and practical contributions for the practitioners in the given context.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".