The ligamentum mucosum’s potential as a preventative structure in the development of knee osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: This paper aimed to identify whether the presence, type, and/or morphology of the ligamentum mucosum could play a role in the development of knee osteoarthritis. Since its microscopic structure is alike that of other knee ligaments, it was hypothesized that its presence could facilitate knee motion and stability, thus preventing or reducing the extent of knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: Thirty three cadavers (a total of 51 knees) were dissected. The ligamentum mucosum, if present, was measured with a digital caliber and a measuring tape in terms of length, width, and thickness. Knee osteoarthritis was assessed in six regions of the knee. The OuterBridge Classification System (Grades 0-4) was used to visually assess the extent, in addition to probing the area. Osteoarthritis was deemed present if the grade was 2 or greater. RESULTS: The presence of the ligament was associated with a lower mean osteoarthritis level in the trochlear groove and lateral tibial plateau regions (p < 0.001 and p = 0.013, respectively). Overall osteoarthritis of the knee was also present at varying levels for each type of the ligamentum mucosum (p < 0.001). The patella and the medial condyle had the greatest levels of osteoarthritis, while the medial and lateral tibial plateaus had the lowest levels. CONCLUSION: The presence of the ligamentum mucosum is linked with decreased osteoarthritis in the trochlear groove region. In addition, both the absent ligament and its classification as a vertical septum are associated with increased knee osteoarthritis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Five.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".