Improving Atmospheric Water Harvesting in Carbon‐Based Sorbents Through CO<sub>2</sub> Activation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) can serve as an alternative fresh water source in regions with scarce access to drinking water. While many techniques are geographically or seasonally limited, sorbent‐based AWH shows the potential for wider application. Low‐cost, carbon‐based sorbents named nanoporous sponges (NPS) are recently developed, exhibiting fast and repeatable water uptake of 0.14 g g − 1 at 90% relative pressure. While useful from a cost and daily water yield point of view, there is room for improvement. This article presents an improved production process combining pyrolysis and activation under CO 2 in a single step, yielding improved NPS capable of reproducibly reaching a water uptake of 0.47 g g −1 at 95% relative pressure while maintaining fast sorption rates. The NPS show significant endurance and are able to maintain stable performance over numerous humidity cycles. An unexpected time‐dependant sorption behavior is also identified for NPS produced with a modified synthesis formulation, due to an increase in sodium carbonate residual content.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".