Leveraging Non-Covalent Interactions to Control the Morphology and Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Stretchable Semiconducting Composites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Physical blending conjugated polymers (CPs) with elastomers has been established as an effective method for enhancing the stretchability of semiconductors. However, predictable control of the morphology for incompatible polymer rubber blends remains a challenge. In this work, we demonstrated the control of phase separation size of CP/elastomer composites by strategically controlling the location sites of H-bonding functional groups in CPs and elastomers, while investigating their effects on mechanical and electrical properties. We incorporated amide functional groups into a DPP-based semiconducting polymer (DPPTVT-A) and polyisobutylene-based elastomer (PIB-A) to enable inter- and intraphase hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) cross-links within CP/elastomer composites. Along with their nonamide counterparts, we fabricated four different CP/elastomer composites, DPPTVT-A/PIB-A, DPPTVT-A/PIB, DPPTVT/PIB-A, and DPPTVT/PIB, with dual-, uni-, and non-H-bonding cross-links and compared their phase behavior and electronic and mechanical properties. The location of the H-bonding greatly influenced the property of the semiconducting rubber as characterized by scattering, spectroscopy, and electrical characterization. Importantly, we found that creating a H-bonding cross-link into both domains of CP/elastomer composites can not only improve energy dissipation upon stretching but also maintain the electrical performance when applying high tensile stress. This work provides a comprehensive study of the morphology of CP/elastomer composites, offering valuable insights into the future design of stretchable CP/elastomer composites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".