Biological Control of Botryosphaeria Dieback of Grapevines in British Columbia, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background and goals</h3> Botryosphaeria dieback is a grapevine trunk disease responsible for significant economic losses to grape producers worldwide. There are currently no products registered in Canada to control grapevine trunk diseases, and sustainable production has become a focus of the Canadian grape and wine industry. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to evaluate locally sourced <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. as biocontrol of Botryosphaeria dieback fungi in the field, to compare <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. against commercial products registered in other countries, and to determine optimum temperatures for conidial germination of <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. found in British Columbia (BC). <h3>Methods and key findings</h3> Detached cane assays under greenhouse conditions and field trials in a Merlot vineyard during two growing seasons assessed <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. from BC and commercial products as pruning wound protectants against <i>Diplodia seriata</i> and <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> over time. The <i>Trichoderma</i>-based treatments developed in this study provided pruning wound protection for up to 60 days after treatment and performed better or similarly to commercial products. Germination studies showed conidia of <i>Trichoderma canadense</i> germinated faster at lower temperatures than the other <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. <h3>Conclusions and significance</h3> This represents the first study evaluating locally sourced <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. as protection against grapevine trunk disease fungi under field conditions in Canada, and shows the potential that these endophytic isolates have as pruning wound protectants over time. This study also screened commercial products to manage grapevine trunk diseases for the first time in Canada, providing key data to support product registration. The discovery of faster conidial germination of <i>T. canadense</i> at lower temperatures deserves further investigation, as this species could be better adapted and thus provide more effective pruning wound protection when applied at the colder temperatures experienced in BC during the pruning season.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".