Exploring 2D, 3D and Spatial Audio User Interfaces in VR for Reminiscence Therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reminiscence Therapy (RT) is a non-pharmacological treatment focused on helping individuals with dementia recollect memories through their senses. Traditionally, RT therapy has relied on multimedia, where caregivers choose videos, pictures, and audio files. Since cross-sensory stimuli play an important role during RT, the adoption of Virtual Reality (VR) has spiked as the technology becomes commonplace. Our previous work has focused on prototyping a VR RT tool through co-design and usability testing, utilizing hand tracking for ease of use. In this research, we aim to further understand usability, presence, and cognitive load effects by comparing a 2D Graphical User Interface (GUI), a radio-style 3D User Interface (3DUI), a curved-style 3DUI, and a spatial audio User Interface UI that allows playing, stopping, and adjusting the volume of an audio file. Our preliminary study indicates that a traditional 2D GUI has higher usability, and lower cognitive load, while a curved-style 3DUI with 3D push buttons and a slider for volume around the user has a higher presence than the radio-style 3DUI and the spatial audio UI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".