Darker‐Coloured Beans Induce Acute Vasorelaxation In Healthy Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Consumption of pulses (dried beans, peas, chickpeas, lentils) over many weeks can decrease cardiovascular disease risk. However, it is unknown whether pulses can affect blood vessels characteristics within a few hours of consumption. We hypothesized that dried beans would yield greater improvements in vascular tone (an indication of endothelial responsiveness to blood flow) compared to a rice control. We therefore compared different bean varieties (black, navy, pinto, red kidney) and white rice for their acute effects on blood pressure and vascular tone in healthy individuals. Vascular measurements were obtained in 8 healthy adults (4 men/4 women; 37±4 years; body mass index of 24.3±0.9 kg/m 2 ) before and at 2 and 6 hours after eating ¾ cup of beans or rice. The study was designed as a crossover with minimum 1 week between consumption of the test articles. Systolic blood pressure was reduced within 2 hours following consumption of red kidney beans compared to rice control (111±5 vs 118±6 mmHg, p<0.05). Blood pressure was not affected by the other beans. There was greater vasorelaxation, as shown by a reduced pulse wave reflection magnitude, 6 hours following consumption of red kidney beans and black beans compared to navy and pinto beans (53.3±3.3% and 53.4±4.4% vs 61.1±3.4% and 64.3±3.4%, respectively; p<0.05). Additionally, reflection magnitude following consumption of red kidney beans was significantly reduced at 6 hours compared to 2 hours post consumption (53.3±3.3% vs 61.1±3.7%, p<0.05). Reflection magnitude did not change between baseline and 2 hours. Arterial stiffness parameters were also measured. Black beans showed reduced augmentation pressure after 6 hours compared to rice (3.8±0.8 vs 6.9±1.5 mmHg, p<0.05); black beans, red kidney beans, and pinto beans had lower pulse wave velocity compared to navy beans after 2 hours (5.9±0.4, 5.8±0.4, and 5.8±0.3 vs 6.1±0.2 m/s, respectively; p<0.05), and black beans had lower pulse wave velocity compared to pinto beans after 6 hours (5.5±0.4 vs 6.3±0.2 m/s, p<0.05). These results suggest seed coat pigment may be a factor in functionality among the different bean types. Overall, darker‐coloured beans elicited a positive effect on the tensile properties of blood vessels, and this acute response may provide insight for how pulses modify vascular function. Support or Funding Information JLC is funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and funding for this research project was provided by Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".