<i>LCT</i> Gene Variant (−13910C>T) and the Plasma Proteome: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background The impact of dairy consumptions on risk of cardiometabolic disease remains controversial. Individuals with lactose intolerance (LI) tend to avoid dairy, which is rich in lactose. The LCT −13910C>T variant has been associated with LI and dairy intake in European populations. Mendelian randomization is an approach that examines the association between an exposure and an outcome using a gene variant that is robustly associated with the exposure. The objective of this study was to determine the association between dairy consumption and 54‐plasma proteins implicated in the development of various chronic diseases using the Mendelian randomization approach. Methods Fasting blood samples were drawn from a total of 508 non‐smoking Caucasians aged 20–29 years from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study for genotyping of the −13910C>T variant in the LCT gene. Fifty‐four plasma proteins were analyzed using liquid chromatography/multiple‐reaction‐monitoring mass spectrometry. Dairy intake was assessed using a one‐month, 196‐item food frequency questionnaire. Using the instrumental variable analysis, a Mendelian randomization approach was applied to examine the association between LCT genotypes and 54‐plasma proteins. Results The CC genotype, associated with lactose intolerance, was associated with higher levels of circulating fibrinogen alpha chain (p= 0.02) compared to the TT genotype. This association was due, at least in part, to lower total dairy intake (p=0.002), particularly skim milk in this population (p=0.004). Conclusion The LCT genotype that associated with LI is associated with higher levels of fibrinogen alpha chain, which suggests that dairy intake might be associated with a reduced risk of thrombosis. Support or Funding Information King Abdulaziz University
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".