Dietary Fatty Acid Composition Impacts Plasma Fatty Acid Ethanolamides and Body Composition in Golden Syrian Hamsters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs) possess roles in energy regulation, however, the nutritional efficacy of various blends of oils on 7 key FAE levels altogether and their effects on body weight have not been characterized. Objective To assess the response of circulating levels of 7 FAEs, as well as food intake, fat oxidation, and body composition, to diets differing in dietary fatty acid composition. Method To address these objectives an animal trial (n=115) using different dietary oils was carried out. Animals consumed for two months (i) corn+safflower (C+S), (ii) flaxseed oil+safflower oil (F+S), (iii) regular canola oil (RC), (iv) high oleic canola oil (HOCO), (v) high oleic canola oil+DHA (H+DHA), (vi) high oleic canola oil+EPA (H+EPA), or (vii) olive oil (OO). Respiratory gas exchange was assessed for each animal to determine percentage fat oxidation (%FO) and carbohydrate oxidation (%CO). Total dietary fatty acid profile was assessed using GC‐FID. Plasma FAE levels were analyzed by UPLC‐MS/MS. Results Plasma oleoylethanolamide (OEA) levels were found to be the highest (p<0.05) with the OO as well as HOCO treatments. Also, diminished (p<0.05) food intake was observed in groups fed OO and HOCO treatments. Highest (p<0.05) fat mass was observed in C+S treatment when compared with F+S and OO treatments. Elevated (p<0.05) %FO was observed in OO treatment followed by H+EPA, H+DHA, F+S, and HOCO feeding when compared with C+S. Overall, among all dietary treatments, eicosapentaenoylethanolamide (EPEA) levels associated with increased food intake (r = 0.31024, p<0.0010). Also, across all dietary treatments, arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) showed negative correlations with EPEA and docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA), r = −0.33394 (p<0.0004) and r = −0.33320 (p<0.0013), respectively. Conclusion Reduced food intake with the HOCO treatment, together with increased OEA concentrations, suggest anorexic properties of monounsaturated fat containing oils. Data show that AEA is associated with EPEA and DHEA concentrations; these associations might affect the food intake thereby modulating appetite. Similar findings observed during the feeding of OO, HOCO, and HOCO with omega‐3 fatty acids blends confirm the efficacy of HOCO in providing satiety alike OO. Therefore, it is concluded that incorporation of HOCO into diets could be valuable for the maintenance of healthy body weight and improve overall wellness similar to OO. Support or Funding Information Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".