Microinjection of Brain‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) into the Subfornical Organ Decreases Blood Pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a peptide known to be involved in several mammalian physiological processes including cardiovascular homeostasis. Intracerebroventricular (icv) BDNF administration and microinjection of BDNF into discrete brainstem nuclei have been shown to increase blood pressure. Expression of BDNF transcripts have been identified in the subfornical organ (SFO), a forebrain circumventricular organ with well‐documented roles in cardiovascular regulation. Whole‐cell patch clamp electrophysiological studies from our laboratory have shown that BDNF influences the activity of the majority of SFO neurons tested. Given the involvement of the SFO in cardiovascular regulation and electrophysiological evidence from our laboratory that BDNF influences the activity of SFO neurons, the present study was undertaken to determine the effects of direct administration of the BDNF into the SFO of urethane anesthetized male Sprague Dawley rats. Microinjection of BDNF (0.5μl, 2nM) into the SFO resulted in rapid, short duration decreases in BP (mean AUC = −134.8 ± 22.2 mmHg*sec, n=4) without effect on HR (mean AUC = 2.4 ± 0.3, n=4). These hypotensive effects were site specific as microinjection into non‐SFO sites were without effect on BP (mean AUC = −13.5 ± 8.4 mmHg*sec, n=5) or HR (mean AUC = 0.8 ± 1.4 beats, n=5). These observations identify the SFO as a possible CNS location at which BDNF may act to influence cardiovascular regulation. Support or Funding Information Supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".