Comparison of Different Delivery Modalities of Epidural Analgesia and Intravenous Analgesia in Labor: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
( Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth. 2023;70:406–442) There is still no preferred method of delivering neuraxial analgesia to pregnant patients. There are options such as continuous epidural infusion (CEI) and intermittent epidural bolus which can be controlled by a machine (programmed intermittent epidural bolus—PIEB), demand from an anesthesia provider (demand intermittent epidural bolus—DIEB), or the patient themselves (patient-controlled epidural analgesia—PCEA). The use of opioids for labor analgesia is also common in those who cannot receive spinal analgesia. This study aimed to compare the relationship between different analgesia delivery methods on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.020 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".