Gender-Related Factors Associated With Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Young Female Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) remains a significant global health concern, with a growing recognition of its impact on young adults, particularly young females. While gender-related factors, defined as a social construct that encompasses four distinct dimensions (gender roles, gender identity, gender relations, and institutionalized gender) are undoubtedly relevant across age groups, young females with ACS face specific challenges and disparities in outcomes compared to other populations. This narrative review examines the role of gender-related factors - specifically gender roles, gender identity, gender relations, and institutionalized gender - in influencing objective and subjective ACS outcomes in young females. In the five manuscripts identified, the objective outcomes included hospital readmission, door-to-ECG time, and coronary atherosclerosis progression. Subjective outcomes such as physical and mental functional status, quality of life, physical limitations, and vital exhaustion were also examined. Employment status, a gender role, emerged as a protective factor against hospital readmission. Gender identity factors like depression and stress correlated with negative outcomes, while anxiety influenced door-to-ECG times. Institutional factors, including income disparities, affected readmission likelihood. Strong social support improved physical limitations post-ACS, whereas financial challenges and lower education negatively impacted quality of life and vital exhaustion. These findings underscore the intricate interplay of gender dimensions in shaping ACS outcomes among young females. Integrating these insights into clinical practice and research can enhance care, mitigate disparities, and foster improved cardiovascular health in this vulnerable population. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) remains a significant global health concern, with a growing recognition of its impact on young adults, particularly young females. While gender-related factors, defined as a social construct that encompasses four distinct dimensions (gender roles, gender identity, gender relations, and institutionalized gender) are undoubtedly relevant across age groups, young females with ACS face specific challenges and disparities in outcomes compared to other populations. This narrative review examines the role of gender-related factors - specifically gender roles, gender identity, gender relations, and institutionalized gender - in influencing objective and subjective ACS outcomes in young females. In the five manuscripts identified, the objective outcomes included hospital readmission, door-to-ECG time, and coronary atherosclerosis progression. Subjective outcomes such as physical and mental functional status, quality of life, physical limitations, and vital exhaustion were also examined. Employment status, a gender role, emerged as a protective factor against hospital readmission. Gender identity factors like depression and stress correlated with negative outcomes, while anxiety influenced door-to-ECG times. Institutional factors, including income disparities, affected readmission likelihood. Strong social support improved physical limitations post-ACS, whereas financial challenges and lower education negatively impacted quality of life and vital exhaustion. These findings underscore the intricate interplay of gender dimensions in shaping ACS outcomes among young females. Integrating these insights into clinical practice and research can enhance care, mitigate disparities, and foster improved cardiovascular health in this vulnerable population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".