Principal Self-Efficacy, School Climate, and Teacher Retention: A Multi-Level Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents the findings of a correlational study that examines the relationship among the variables of principal self-efficacy, school climate, and teacher retention. A purposeful sample of 11 principals from a southeastern Texas school district were given the Principal Sense of Efficacy Scale to determine each individual’s level of self-efficacy. Simultaneously, a sample of 233 current and former teachers completed the Organizational Climate Index to measure the school climate of each participating school. The results of the multi-level analysis indicate that overall a relationship does not exist between either principal self-efficacy and teacher retention or principal self-efficacy and school climate. However, findings do suggest a relationship between teacher retention and school climate. More specifically, teachers are more likely to remain employed at campuses that are less influenced by vocal parent and citizen groups. Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude corrélationnelle portant sur le rapport entre trois variables : l’efficacité personnelle des directeurs d’école, le climat scolaire et la rétention des enseignants. Suivant un échantillonnage dirigé, 11 directeurs d’un district scolaire dans le sud-est du Texas ont répondu à un questionnaire portant sur leur sentiment d’efficacité personnelle. Pendant la même période, 233 enseignants (anciens et actuels) ont complété un questionnaire sur le climat organisationnel de sorte à mesurer le climat scolaire dans chaque école participante. Les résultats d’une analyse à plusieurs niveaux indiquent que, globalement, il n’y a pas de lien entre l’efficacité personnelle des directeurs et la rétention des enseignants, ni entre l’efficacité personnelle des directeurs et le climat scolaire. Toutefois, les résultats suggèrent un rapport entre la rétention des enseignants et le climat scolaire. Plus précisément, les enseignants sont plus portés à maintenir leur poste dans des écoles qui sont moins influencées par des groupes protestataires de parents et de citoyens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".