The Effect of a Lipid Surface Coating on the Permeation of Upconverting Nanoparticles through a 3D Human Lung Epithelial Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Preclinical studies of nanoparticles for pulmonary therapeutics are often performed on 2D cell cultures or in vitro models that do not include a mucus barrier. However, the mucus layer lining the lungs is an essential barrier for drugs to permeate in order to exert a therapeutic effect. Herein, the role of surface coating of lanthanide‐doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) and their interaction with the mucus barrier are explored using a patient‐derived 3D cell culture model. The upconverted emissions from the UCNPs are used to track them throughout the 3D model and study their localization as a function of administration time and mucus thickness. Positively charged, ligand‐free, and negatively charged, supported lipid bilayer‐coated UCNPs are evaluated. A substantial difference in the residence time in mucus and mucociliary clearance of each type of UCNP is observed in a realistic and relevant model. As such, these results underscore the need for preclinical investigations in tissue models, especially with respect to the surface properties of the nanoparticles under study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".