Material circumstances and pandemic-related education choices: parental schooling decisions during the COVID-19 pandemic in four Canadian provinces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parents have faced difficult decisions regarding their children’s educational plans throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the findings of an original survey of parents from four Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec), this paper examines the influence of parents’ material circumstances on decision-making around schooling in September 2020 and June 2021. Our findings suggest that both income and material security played important roles in parent’s decisions to enroll their children in remote/in-person education and public/non-public education throughout the 2020–2021 school year, although there are noteworthy differences between the September 2020 and June 2021 periods. These findings have important implications both for the emerging cross-national research that examines the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated socioeconomic divisions when it comes to school choice, but also for the broader comparative literature on rising levels of educational stratification along socioeconomic lines and the effects of such stratification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".