Synergistic and antagonistic effects of temperature and moisture differences on movement and distribution of <i>Cryptolestes ferrugineus</i> (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) adults in horizontal columns of wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The distribution of insects in stored grain bulks is significantly influenced by temperature and moisture, or their gradients or differences. This study examined the movement and distribution of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) adults under different combinations of temperature (5 or 10°C) and moisture differences (2.5 or 5 percentage point difference) in horizontal 1 m wheat columns in 24 h. Adults showed a nonoriented distribution in dry or damp wheat (less than 15% moisture content), while the distribution was partially biased in wet wheat (17.5% moisture content) due to slightly increased temperature or spoilage of the wet wheat in 1 replicate. Adults showed a positive response to warm and damp or wet wheat. Under any levels of temperature (5 or 10°C) and moisture differences (2.5 or 5 percentage points) in 24 h, about 75% of adults were recovered from moist wheat where insects were introduced. Adults equally preferred both moist cool grain and dry warm grain located at ± 0.25 m. However, the preference for dry warm grain was stronger than moist cool grain when the movement distance was 0.45 m. The sensing ability of adults and their preferences were not only determined by movement distance but also by the magnitude of temperature and moisture differences. Thus, the findings of the present study will help in better understanding adult response to realistic temperature and moisture distributions that commonly occur in storage structures and to develop stored grain ecosystems mathematical models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".