On the thermal performance of spiral-coil energy piles in a coldclimate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Energy piles have been developed as Ground Heat Exchangers (GHEs) in Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) systems to enhance the thermal performance of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems for buildings. The idea of the energy pile stems from the fact that the ground temperature in depths more than 8–15m is nearly constant throughout the year. This study investigates the thermal performance of a GSHP combined with spiral-coil energy piles for space heating of a residential building in a cold climate. A three-dimensional transient Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of the spiral-coil energy pile coupled to the GSHP and the surrounding soil is developed. This model is then used to investigate the effect of design parameters, including GHE diameter and GHE pitch, on the thermal performance of the studied GSHP. Then, a five-year operation of the system is simulated. It is concluded that the increase in GHE diameter and GHE pitch enhances the thermal performance of the system. Moreover, the performance of the studied GSHP in a cold climate gradually declines in a long-term operation due to the cold accumulation in the pile and surrounding ground.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".