Numerical flutter analysis of a horizontal axis wind turbine blade withrotational tower base
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: In this study, the flutter occurrence of a blade of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) with rotation of the tower base is investigated. The wind turbine tower is modelled with rotation about three axes: pitch, roll, and yaw. The blade is modelled as a non-uniform Euler-Bernoulli beam in bending and torsion, which can experience large deflections. The discretized form of the aeroelastic governing equations of the blade is obtained by combining blade element momentum (BEM) theory and geometrically exact beam theory (GEBT). As a case study for the obtained analytical model in this paper, the physical and geometrical properties of the NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine blade are considered. In this regard, for each property, a mathematical function that has been fit to the series of data points corresponding to the NREL 5 MW turbine blade is constructed and used in the aeroelastic governing equations. To validate the obtained numerical model of an HAWT blade, the modal response of the blade is compared to the response obtained for a representation of the blade developed using CAD and modelled with the ABAQUS software suite. Good agreement between natural frequencies and mode shapes is observed. Results are presented for operational wind turbine rotors. Results show the significant effect of turbine tower rotation, due for example to wave action on a floating wind turbine base, on the aeroelastic stability of the blades. Further, it is shown that coupled motion of the platform as a rigid body combined with rotor angular velocity can lead to flutter instability at low wind speeds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".