Online Mass Services during the Pandemic: Catholic Perspectives—Between Solutions and Theological Tensions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The COVID-19 disruption from 2020 to early 2023 forced the Catholic Church in Indonesia to make significant changes in serving sacraments to the faithful. The change was from in-person to online Eucharistic sacrament services. Online mass was a new experience in Indonesia. Until now, the Vatican as the highest authority in the Catholic Church has not issued an official document regarding the practice of online mass, and the transformation of online mass services is happening quickly. This qualitative study describes, highlights, and analyzes the experiences of Catholics in DKI Jakarta in celebrating online mass. Questions have risen regarding the validity of celebrating the sacraments in virtual space. In general, study participants admit that in-person mass is their preferred choice, but people also hope that online mass services will be maintained because they are beneficial for certain people: those who don't have time to go to Church as well as the elderly and people with physical limitations. Online services help them meet their spiritual needs so their faith remains alive and growing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".