Weather conditions and seasonal variability of limited surface visibility at <scp>Greenland</scp> coastal locations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Adverse weather has been shown to be spatially and temporally variable across high‐latitude locations. The current study provides a unique investigation of limited surface visibility time periods at five coastal Greenland locations from 1979 to 2018 and identifies the coincident adverse weather, as well as the local and large‐scale atmospheric conditions during limited surface visibility time periods. Locations on the east coast of Greenland have the largest percentage of hours with limited visibility each month with maxima during February. Western and southern coastal locations have fewer occurrences of limited visibility. Warm‐season maxima are present in the northern locations, while warm‐season minima occur at all other locations. Fog is reported during each month at all five stations, however, a substantial increase of hours occurs at the northern and eastern stations during the typical melt season on Greenland. There is a seasonal difference in the percent of limited visibility hours linked to precipitation with a minimum in the warm season and maximum across the cold season. Limited visibility attributed to precipitation generally has the largest percentage of hours each month except for the northern and eastern locations during the melt season. The location and number of cyclonic circulations, as well as the spatial scale of troughs, across northeastern Canada and the North Atlantic Ocean greatly influence the adverse weather linked to prolonged limited surface visibility events. Limited visibility events at Thule, Greenland during both the warm and cold seasons are largely influenced by the presence and intensity of a cyclone over northeastern Canada. At Danmarkshavn, Greenland limited visibility events in both seasons generally have a cyclone positioned to the east, an area of higher pressure over Greenland and a cyclone positioned to the west of Greenland.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".