Hearing loss moderates cognitive‐motor dual‐tasking before and after combined exercise and cognitive training in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: Findings from the SYNERGIC and COMPASS‐ND studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Age‐related hearing loss is associated with poor cognitive‐motor dual‐task performance and is a risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Although different interventions have shown to improve dual‐task performance in older adults, it is currently unclear whether hearing ability affects training efficacy in individuals with MCI. Methods Secondary data analyses of 75 participants with MCI (Mage = 73.66 ± 6.67) who completed the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration and Aging SYNERGIC and COMPASS‐ND studies. We investigated how hearing ability (normal hearing (n = 56), hearing loss (n = 19)) moderated the efficacy of a 20‐week intervention (combined exercise and cognitive training (n = 32), exercise training alone (n = 31), control (n = 12)) on single‐ and dual‐task working memory performance (serial one or seven subtractions, semantic fluency) and spatio‐temporal gait characteristics. Results At baseline, participants with hearing loss had slower gait speed and higher step time variability while concurrently completing the semantic fluency task, compared to participants with normal hearing. Participants with hearing loss also had higher accuracy on the semantic fluency and serial seven subtractions tasks while dual‐tasking, compared to participants with normal hearing. Single‐ and dual‐task gait speed increased significantly following combined exercise and cognitive training, with greater improvements observed in participants with hearing loss compared to those with normal hearing. However, older adults with hearing loss showed a significant decrease in dual‐task serial seven subtractions and semantic fluency following combined exercise and cognitive training. Conclusion These findings help clarify the relationship between hearing loss, cognition, and mobility in old age and inform training recommendations for persons with MCI based on hearing ability. Combined exercise and cognitive training appears to have increased attentional and physical resources, allowing participants with hearing loss to shift postural prioritization strategies while dual‐tasking from a posture‐second strategy to a posture‐first strategy. Thus, combined exercise and cognitive training may be particularly beneficial for older adults with both MCI and hearing loss, in order to improve safe walking behaviours while multi‐tasking and mitigate further decline.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".