Alabama Brief Cognitive Screener scores correlate proportionally with MoCA and DRS‐2 scores and vary appropriately by diagnosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background The Alabama Brief Cognitive Screener (ABCs) was developed as a nonproprietary replacement for the MMSE (Mini‐Mental State Examination) in order to screen for cognitive deficits. It requires 5‐10 minutes to complete and participants can score up to 30 points. Method To assess the clinical correspondence of Alabama Brief Cognitive Screener (ABCs) scores relative to both the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Dementia Rating Scale (DRS‐2) and also compare score differences by education attainment and the subject’s clinical diagnosis‐ of either Normal Cognition (NC), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), or Dementia. Participants from the UAB Alzheimer’s Disease Center (ADC) from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The ABCs, MoCA, and DRS‐2 were administered at the initial visit to subjects (n = 116) and their scores were compared to each other using Spearman’s rank correlation along with their clinical diagnosis which included NC (n = 47), MCI (n = 41) and Dementia (n = 28) and their previous education using the Kruskal‐Wallis test. Result Median scores for all three assessments were found to be associated with clinical diagnosis (MoCA: χ2 = 62.3, p = <.0001; ABCs: χ2 = 51.3, p = <.0001; DRS‐2: χ2 = 56.5, p = <.0001) and education level (MoCA: χ2 = 24.8 p = <.0001; ABCs: χ2 = 18.1, p = 0.0001; DRS‐2: χ2 = 11.15, p = 0.0038). Cognitive differences observed higher scores in the cognitively unimpaired relative to either MCI or subjects with dementia and in subjects with college or graduate degrees compared to those with only a high school education. Strong correspondence was observed between all assessments with significant correlations for all pairwise comparisons (MoCA v ABCs: ρ = 0.73; MoCA v DRS‐2: ρ = 0.72; ABCs v DRS‐2: ρ = 0.61, p = <.0001). When comparing sub‐types of the ABCs and DRS‐2, significant correlations were observed in the domains of memory (ρ = 0.61, p<0.001), attention (ρ = 0.26, p = 0.0054), construction (ρ = 0.37, p<0.001), and conceptualization (ρ = 0.30, p = 0.011). Conclusion ABCs correlates proportionally with MoCA and DRS‐2 scores while also varying appropriately by diagnosis. ABCs shows promise as a non‐proprietary alternative to the MMSE for use as a screening instrument to identify and assess severity of cognitive deficits in medical practice, as well as measure progression of those deficits in patients with neurodegenerative disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".