Machine Learning Informed Diagnosis for Congenital Heart Disease in Large Claims Data Source
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: With an increasing interest in using large claims databases in medical practice and research, it is a meaningful and essential step to efficiently identify patients with the disease of interest. Objectives: This study aims to establish a machine learning (ML) approach to identify patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) in large claims databases. Methods: We harnessed data from the Quebec claims and hospitalization databases from 1983 to 2000. The study included 19,187 patients. Of them, 3,784 were labeled as true CHD patients using a clinician developed algorithm with manual audits considered as the gold standards. To establish an accurate ML-empowered automated CHD classification system, we evaluated ML methods including Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Decision tree, and compared them to regularized logistic regression. The Area Under the Precision Recall Curve was used as the evaluation metric. External validation was conducted with an updated data set to 2010 with different subjects. Results: Among the ML methods we evaluated, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree led the performance in identifying true CHD patients with 99.3% Area Under the Precision Recall Curve, 98.0% for sensitivity, and 99.7% for specificity. External validation returned similar statistics on model performance. Conclusions: This study shows that a tedious and time-consuming clinical inspection for CHD patient identification can be replaced by an extremely efficient ML algorithm in large claims database. Our findings demonstrate that ML methods can be used to automate complicated algorithms to identify patients with complex diseases.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it