Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1921 on Campobello Island, Franklin D. Roosevelt began his legacy, not as the 32nd president of the United States nor as the man who would lead the Allied nations to victory over Nazi Germany, but as the most famous survivor of polio. While on vacation at his family’s home in New Brunswick, Canada, FDR’s legs became progressively weaker, and by the third day, they could no longer support his weight. After several misdiagnoses, he eventually discovered he had contracted infantile paralysis, i.e., polio. As the name suggests, the disease typically presents during infancy, and most children develop immunity before they turn 5; however, for those who are afflicted, polio can cause lifelong paralysis or death. Long before COVID-19, polio was the most feared disease in the world. In 1952 alone, before a polio vaccine was available, almost 60,000 American children were infected, thousands were paralyzed, and more than 3,000 perished. Three years later, the United States began widespread inoculation for polio, and by 1979, it had been eradicated across the country. Since then, the vaccine has been so effective, some have begun to question its necessity. Few people today know someone personally who has been stricken with this horrific disease. No longer is polio what took the life of a loved one or left a neighbor unable to walk. Polio is now a theoretical concept, and the hundreds of thousands of lives taken or disabled have been distilled to “why FDR was in a wheelchair."
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.029 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.014 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.048 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".