O0034 RECTAL PROBIOTIC ENEMAS INDUCE COLONIC MUCIN EXPRESSION WITH REDUCTION OF DSS‐INDUCED COLITIS IN RATS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: E. coli Nissle 1917 is an alternative treatment option to 5-ASA in remission maintenance of ulcerative colitis.The mechanism of action of this probiotic strain is still insufficiently understood.We have recently demonstrated the ability of E. coli Nissle 1917 to induce the human beta defensin-2 in CaCo-2 cells.Our aim was to investigate the E. coli Nissle mediated transcriptional regulation of the hBD-2 gene.Methods: To study the activation of the hBD-2 promoter and putative binding sites for NF-kappaB by E. coli Nissle, Luciferase reporter gene assays were applied.After transfection of CaCo-2 cells with the respective plasmids for 24 h, cells were incubated with E. coli Nissle and other strains, whose influence on hBD-2 expression had been predefined by real time PCR.To prove the direct impact of NF-kappaB, a hBD-2 promoter plasmid with 2 mutated binding sites of NF-kappaB (-186/-205 and -572/-596) was used for transfection.Results: The hBD-2 promoter was activated by E. coli Nissle as well as an uropathogenic E. coli strain, analogous to hBD-2 transcript induction in real time PCR.Remarkably, the bacterial supernatant prompted a 13 fold higher promoter activation compared to bacterial pellets.A NF-kappaB reporter plasmid was moderately activated only by E. coli Nissle.Additionally, the supernatant had the strongest capacity to activate NF-kappaB mediated transcription.After mutation of two NF-kappaB binding sites, hBD-2 promoter activation by complete bacteria, bacterial supernatant and the positive control IL-1beta; was almost completely blocked. Conclusion:The abrogation of hBD-2 promoter activation by E. coli Nissle following insertion of mutated NF-kappaB sites, indicates an important role of this transcription factor.The induction of the antimicrobial peptide hBD-2 through moderate activation of NF-kappaB, represents a novel mode of probiotic action.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".