In vitro Anti-malarial Activity of Rhizome Extracts of Curcuma species
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Anopheles mosquitoes carry the deadly parasite illness malaria, which kills thousands of people annually in many tropical and subtropical areas. This study set out to evaluate the effectiveness of chloroquine in treating Curcuma species malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax. In this investigation, the malaria pathogen Plasmodium vivax was employed. In an incubator with 5% CO2 and 37°C, parasitemia was cultivated in RPMI 1640 culture media supplemented with 10% human serum and 2µg/ml of gentamycin. In order to evaluate plant extracts' ability to combat malaria, we employed the susceptibility micro assay method. Significant parasitaemia inhibitions were demonstrated by ethanolic extracts of Curcuma longa, Hedychium coronarium, and Curcuma caesia against blood stage chloroquine-resistant P. vivax, with low cytotoxic effects to parasitaemia cells in vitro. These inhibitions ranged from 5.8-75.6%, 2.2-29%, and 2-29.8%. The growth of P. vivax, which is resistant to chloroquine, was effectively inhibited by extracts derived from six different plant species. The results supported the fractionation of these plants using a bioassay to identify strong anti-malarial chemicals or to create standardised extracts that could strengthen the anti-malarial impact in vitro
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".