A multicentre retrospective study of the impact of body mass index on clinical and functional outcomes of total knee arthroplasty: An Indian prospective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To study the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in primary osteoarthritis (OA) patients with CR/PS TKS. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the ongoing, prospective Freedom 400 study, involving 259 patients. Patients were grouped based on the BMI (WHO categorization): Cohort 1 (normal weight, BMI 18.5 kg/m2 to 25.00 kg/m2), Cohort 2 (overweight patients, BMI 25.00 kg/m2 to 29.99 kg/m2), and Cohort 3 (class 1 and 2 obese patients, BMI 30.00 kg/m2 to 39.99 kg/m2). The primary endpoint was implant survivorship and cumulative revision rates. Secondary endpoints included Knee Society score (KSS), Range of Motion (ROM), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, SF-36 questionnaire for assessing quality of life (QoL), and radiographic analysis up to a 3-year follow-up period. Results were considered significant at p < 0.05. A total of 252 patients completed the 3-year follow-up. Women dominated each group (79 %, 78 %, and 83 %, respectively). Average BMIs (Kg/m2) were 22.11 ± 1.78, 27.09 ± 1.39, and 33.08 ± 2.67, respectively. Adverse events were significantly low. Clinical KSS scores improved significantly at 6 weeks (p < 0.001) and continued to improve up to 3 years. Similar patterns were observed in functional KSS scores. WOMAC scores showed significant improvements in pain, stiffness, and degree of difficulty across all groups at 3 years (p < 0.001). Also, ROM improved post-operatively, reaching 122.42° ± 6.43°, 122.67° ± 5.34°, and 122.21° ± 5.68° in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Radiographical assessments at 12 months (n = 211) and beyond showed no wear or osteolysis. X-ray images displayed favourable functionality of the CR/PS TKS. This study affirms that BMI does not adversely affect TKA outcomes in primary OA patients. The CR/PS TKS demonstrates high clinical effectiveness, safety, and notable improvements in functional and QoL outcomes across all BMI groups over a 3-year period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".