Hemispherical light capture with a plane-faced, polymer film: the Omnidirectional Waveguide Encoded Lattice (OWEL)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first of its kind, a polymer film (≈ 2 mm) embedded with a population of waveguides arranged in a frustrum geometry has demonstrated an omnidirectional field of view (FOV) of 104° to 108°. Avoiding the use of complex multi-component and multi-step fabrication processes, the omnidirectional waveguide encoded lattice (OWEL) is fabricated through a single-step, room temperature process by which diverging waveguides are self-inscribed in a photopolymerizable medium, using a broadband incoherent light source. Due to the overlapping angular acceptance ranges of the embedded waveguides, the near hemispherical FOV demonstrated by the OWEL film is seamless and continuous. As a result of this enhanced omnidirectional FOV, when integrated with a CMOS camera chip the OWEL can capture 3-dimensional objects resulting in an increase of image capture. The OWEL film is highly customizable, resulting in the potential for a variety of uniquely tailored planar films. Its omnidirectional FOV, enhanced image capture and slim size lend it for applications as coatings on solar cells to enhance their light collection, and integration with smartphones cameras to expand their imaging capabilities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".