We do not see evidence for the presence of female gametangia (oospores) in North American <i>Nitellopsis obtusa</i> (Desvaux) J. Groves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We contest the recently reported findings that suggest the presence of female gametangia in the North American range of the invasive macroalga Nitellopsis obtusa (Harrow-Lyle, T.J., Ginn, B.K., Kirkwood, A.E., and Melles, S.J. 2023. First report of female gametangia in the invasive macroalga starry stonewort ( Nitellopsis obtusa) in North America. Botany, 101: 61–64. doi:10.1139/cjb-2022-0096). The claims do not clearly show identifying morphology of N. obtusa female gametangia, are inconsistent with known characeaen developmental biology, and do not provide the evidence commensurate with such a claim. More convincing observational data are required. To date, only male thalli of N. obtusa have been confirmed either with herbarium vouchers or clear images. The appearance of female gametangia would have significant implications for the invasion biology of N. obtusa as well as approaches to managing its spread.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".