The International Working Group on New Developments in Pharmacovigilance: Advancing Methods and Communication in Pharmacovigilance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: In 2019, the International Working Group (IWG), focusing on New Developments in Pharmacovigilance, was established. This group is coordinated by the Drug Safety Research Unit in the United Kingdom, and the mission of the IWG is to progress pharmacovigilance methodologies and promote the safe and effective use of medicines and vaccines, thereby further protecting patients. Novel therapeutics are continuously being developed to alleviate medical conditions, but with advancing technologies, innovative pharmacovigilance methodologies need to be developed to effectively monitor the use and safety of these products. With reduced timelines proposed for premarketing clinical trials and increased application of real-world evidence supporting regulatory approvals, products may be used in real-world clinical practice in shorter timeframes than before. Therefore, the need for effective methods of monitoring medicines and collecting safety data in real-time is of paramount importance to public health. METHODS: The IWG aims to advance existing methodologies used in the detection, monitoring, and analysis of safety data in pharmacovigilance and to communicate best practice proposals to support decision making in health care. The IWG will identify areas requiring review of current processes or methodologic research and will communicate the output of the IWG through peer-reviewed publications, reports, and presentation of findings at relevant conferences and scientific meetings. FINDINGS: The IWG is currently reviewing two areas in pharmacovigilance; case-level causality assessment and the strengths and limitations of data sources. The IWG is advancing these areas by producing two scoping reviews which will be easily accessible to regulatory agencies, industry, academia, and interested persons or organizations. IMPLICATIONS: The scoping reviews comply with the IWGs mission to progress pharmacovigilance methodologies and promote the safe and effective use of medicines and vaccines. The present article shares details of the objectives of the IWG and provides an overview on the status of IWG activities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.415 | 0.414 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.022 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.032 | 0.024 |
| Open science | 0.015 | 0.026 |
| Research integrity | 0.018 | 0.026 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".