Testing health belief model on food safety behaviour in Jordanian restaurants: The moderating effect of willingness to comply
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The current study was primarily intended to assess the Health Belief Model on Food Safety Behaviour with the moderating role of willingness to comply in the context of Jordanian restaurants. HBM comprises numerous factors including perceived benefits (PBN), perceived susceptibility (PSU), perceived severity (PSV), cues to action (CA), perceived barriers (PBR), and self–efficacy (SE). A quantitative research design was adopted, and data collection was done via Google Forms from the Amman Chamber of Industry and Jordanian Restaurant Association (JRA). A purposive sampling approach was used, and the target population were the restaurants from Amman, Jordan. Initially, total 500 questionnaires have been distributed of which 302 responses were received as well as after eliminating missing or improper responses, only 296 were processed for the final analysis. Data analysis was done via Smart-PLS. The outcomes enlightened a positive interlinkage between perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived susceptibility, cues to action, and self–efficacy with food safety behaviour. However, PSV and FSB didn’t show any relation. The moderating analysis of WC revealed the absence of any moderating impact on perceived susceptibility, benefits, and perceived severity on food safety behaviour. Likewise, the demographic details of the participants were utilized as control variables and did not yield any impact on the food safety behaviour. To sum up, the study concludes that public health professionals and legal representatives, including lawmakers, ought to educate food handlers regarding the significance of food safety behaviours due to widespread misconceptions about how current food safety standards promote positive results. Consequently, Jordanian restaurants should strictly adhere to safety-related regulatory protocols to meet the growing demands of consumers. The findings of the current work also offer valuable theoretical as well as practical implications for the practitioners in the field.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".