A study on the treatment of Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment with multiple system atrophy by intranasal injection of insulin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are both common neurodegenerative diseases. To investigate the effects of intranasal insulin injection on motor function and cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA).Thirteen PD patients and one MSA patient participated in the experiment . Using a random number table method, the participants were assigned to an experimental group (n=8) and a control group (n=6). The experimental group received insulin injection, while the control group received physiological saline injection. Both groups received nasal injection for 4 consecutive weeks. Compare the general information, language fluency (FAS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Parkinson's Unified Rating Scale (UPDRS) results between the two groups. Compared to the control group, the experimental group had a significantly higher FAS score, but there was no significant difference in the FAS score before and after treatment in the experimental group, and the prognosis score improved compared to before. In the experimental group, a MSA patient showed improvement in FAS scores during the four week treatment period, with no significant progression of the disease. There was no significant improvement in UPDRS score, BDI score, and MoCA score before and after treatment, the difference was not significant statistically. The use of insulin therapy for cognitive and motor disorders related to PD is safe and feasible. Intranasal insulin may improve functional motor function and cognitive performance in Parkinson's disease.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".