Bibliographic record
Abstract
What is complexity?The present work will offer a description of complex systems based on two general principles: juxtaposition of similar units and then integration of these units, once modified, into structures at a higher level of which they become parts.As in a mosaic, however, these parts within the higher level or structure, retain some independent properties and autonomy.The model is based directly on observations of living organisms: cells or organs retain their autonomy functioning within a given organism, and individual organisms have autonomy when functioning as part of a population or society.Qu'est-ce que la complexit ?Le prsent travail offre une description des systmes complexes bass sur deux principes gnraux : la juxtaposition d'units similaires et l'intgration de ces units, une fois modifies, dans des structures de niveau suprieur dont ils deviennent parties.Comme dans une mosaque, cependant, ces parties conservent certaines proprits indpendantes et de l'autonomie.Le modle est bas directement sur les observations des organismes vivants : des cellules ou des organes conservent leur autonomie de fonctionnement au sein d'un organisme donn, et les organismes individuels ont une autonomie lorsqu'ils fonctionnent dans le cadre d'une population ou d'une socit.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".