5.4 Recovery of autonomic function following moderate- and high-intensity exercise
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To establish the time-course recovery of autonomic function following acute exercise through heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) metrics. Design Randomized crossover study design. Setting Controlled lab environment with university students. Participants A convenience sample of seven male and two female participants (age: 26 ± 5 years, BMI: 25 ± 4 kg/cm2). Interventions Three conditions were conducted: 45-minutes of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) at ~50–60% heart-rate reserve; 25-minutes high-intensity intervals (HIIT) at ~85–90% heart-rate reserve (ten, one-minute intervals); 30-minute controlled rest condition. Outcome Measures Short-term (5-minutes) HRV and cardiac BRS were collected while participants stood in an upright orthostatic position. Spontaneous HRV metrics were indexed within time, frequency, and non-linearity domains; whereas, cardiac BRS was quantified through the low frequency (LF) gain metric. These indices of autonomic function were quantified at baseline, and zero, one, two, four, six, and eight hours following the three aforementioned conditions. Main Results Spontaneous HRV metrics and cardiac BRS LF gain were only altered immediately (hour zero) following both exercise conditions within the time domain (all p<0.05). In contrast frequency domain metrics were unaffected following exercise (all p>0.10). Lastly, all HRV and cardiac BRS parameters were comparable across the control condition (p>0.280). Conclusions These findings demonstrate several key markers of autonomic function are altered for a one hour period following an acute bout of exercise. Therefore future field-based sport-related concussion investigations examining these metrics will need to be aware of this time course when quantifying alterations immediately following a concussion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".