2.14 Youth pre-season sport concussion assessment tool 5 symptom evaluation: a multi-sport cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To examine youth sport participants’ preseason SCAT5 symptom evaluation [total number of symptoms (TNS) and symptom severity score (SSS)] by administration method, sex, age, concussion history, collision/non-collision sport-participation, and self-reported medical diagnoses. Design Cohort. Setting Canadian high-school student sport/home settings. Participants 3769 sport-participants [2494 male, 1275 female; 11–19 years-old]. Assessment of Risk Factors SCAT5 administration method (in-person/virtual), sex (male/female), age (years), concussion history (0/1/2/3+), collision/non-collision sport-participation, self-reported medical-diagnoses [attention-deficit/attention-deficit-hyperactivity (ADD/ADHD), headache/migraine, learning disability, and psychiatric-disorder (i.e., anxiety/depression/other)]. Outcome Measures Preseason SCAT5 TNS (/22) and SSS (/132). Main Results Median TNS was 4 (range 0–22) and median SSS was 6 (range 0–105). Multiple multilevel Poisson regression complete-case analysis was completed; adjusting for cluster by school and robust standard-errors, with beta-coefficients (b) back-transformed to indicate an increase(+)/decrease(-) in TNS/SSS, relevant for clinical interpretation. Virtual assessment lowered TNS (bTNS=-1.52;95%CI:-2.21,-0.84) and SSS (bSSS=-2.49;95%CI:-4.41,-0.58) relative to in-person. Females (bTNS=2.01;95%CI:1.55,2.47; bSSS=4.64;95%CI:3.51,5.77), per-year older age (bTNS=0.23;95%CI:0.01,0.45; bSSS=0.53;95%CI:0.01,1.06), headache/migraine disorder (bTNS=2.51;95%CI:1.75,3.27; bSSS=7.09;95%CI:4.78,9.40), ADD/ADHD (bTNS=1.57;95%CI:1.09,2.06; bSSS=4.21;95%CI:2.88,5.54), psychiatric-disorder (bTNS=2.65;95%CI:1.94,3.36; bSSS=7.40;95%CI:5.21,9.60), and 3+ previous concussions (bTNS=1.18;95%CI:0.11,2.24; bSSS=3.61;95%CI:0.56,6.65) had higher TNS/SSS. Participants with learning disability had higher TNS (bTNS=0.95; 95%CI:0.02,1.89) only. Collison sport-participation did not alter TNS/SSS. Conclusion Assessment method, sex, age, concussion history, and medical-diagnoses were associated with TNS and SSS and are important considerations for SCAT5 symptom score interpretation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".