The effect of atropine used in dobutamine stress echocardiography on pupil diameter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study is to investigate whether atropine when administered in persons without glaucoma during dobutamine stress echocardiography causes pupillary dilation. Methods and Results 144 patients referred for dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) study without any history of glaucoma were observed. 39 were excluded from the study because they did not receive atropine. Pupil diameter was measured at the same light conditions before and after each study session. 105 patients received during DSE atropine doses from 0.1 mg to 1.25mg (most patients received 0.25-0.75mg). For the total of 210 examined eyes pupil diameter remained statistically unaltered after each DSE test (3.65±0.799 mm before vs 3.63±0.766 mm after, p=0.737 respectively). Similarly, pupil diameter remained unchanged when left and right eyes were separately compared (Right Eye: 3.770 ± 0.812 before vs 3.752 ± 0.745 mm after, p=0.821 and Left eye: 3.521±0.770 before vs 3.499 ± 0.770 mm after, p=0.806, respectively). Diameter of right and left pupil remained unaltered also after grouping patients by gender and iris pigmentation. Age, weight, atropine dose and propranolol dose are not correlated with changes in pupil diameter. Conclusion Intravenous atropine, in usual doses administered in dobutamine stress echocardiography, does not cause mydriasis in adults without glaucoma. This is an indication that – though it is not currently recommended– atropine use during DSE in patients with narrow angle glaucoma may be potentially safe; further studies are needed to investigate this option.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".