Bibliographic record
Abstract
As one critic has suggested, nations themselves are narrations.The power to narrate, or to block other narratives from forming and emerging, is very important to culture and imperialism, and constitutes one of the main connections between them. 1 From the beginning of the settler nation, the assumed whiteness of Canada was consciously constructed and embedded in a national culture fuelled by narratives of British imperial greatness and heroic, white male, rugged individualism. 2 John A. Macdonald, Canada's first prime minister (1867-73), made it clear that racialized peopleparticularly Blacks and Asians -were not welcome in Canada, 3 citing their incompatibility with European civilizations and his commitment to protecting and maintaining "the Aryan character of the future of British America." 4 For some, such as lawyer and anthropologist Robert G. Haliburton, the new Dominion consisted of a unique union of "men of the North" who were descended from the "Northern races," which in addition to the Saxon included the Celtic, Teutonic, Scandinavian, and Norman French.5 Imperialists such as Stephen Leacock and Andrew Macphail, however, were committed to maintaining the assumed " purity" of the Anglo-Saxon "race" and passionately opposed to all manner of "race mixing," including that between Anglo-Saxon and east-central Europeans.6 In both positions, it was a given that Canadians were of European and Christian ancestry, and the lingering presence of Indigenous peoples and increasing presence of Jewish, Black, and Asian people were seen as problems.Throughout the first decades of the twentieth century up until the Second World War, academics were among the greatest proponents of racial nationalism, anti-Semitism, and anti-immigration politics.7
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.039 | 0.033 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.024 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".