Bibliographic record
Abstract
This page intentionally left blankIn August 1967, the newly built York University, in the Toronto suburb of North York, hosted a massive, 10-day conference on "metropolitan problems" that drew architects, politicians, and planners from major cities around the world, including delegates from a handful of socialist cites: Prague, Moscow, Leningrad, Belgrade, Warsaw, and Budapest.Much was made in the Canadian press of the visitors from Moscow, who claimed they had no problems because they had restricted population growth in their city and combated congestion by focusing on public transport and taxis rather than private cars.Jiří Hrůza, Prague's deputy city planner, was part of the five-person Czechoslovak delegation -he was one of Prague's most influential planners and theorists, who in his work on socialist urbanism and architecture drew on a plethora of examples from both the West and the Soviet Union.According to an article on the conference in the Prague daily newspaper Večerní Praha, Hrůza's slide presentation on the history of Prague urbanism proved so popular that he gave it a second time.Hrůza was probably sitting in the audience while North York mayor James Service, a champion of the modernist plan to redevelop Willowdale as North York's new downtown, welcomed the delegates.Hrůza also likely travelled to Montreal for Expo 67, which was going on at the same time.The Czechoslovak pavilion, most noted for its multimedia installations, included a display model of an experimental suburb in a section entitled "Conflicts."Another key element of Expo, and which still stands today, is architect Moshe Safdie's Habitat, a prefabricated apartment megastructure offering a garden in every unit.It was funded by the Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC).The urban planner and theorist Humphrey Carver, who worked at CMHC and helped shape Canada's post-war suburbs, encouraged Safdie to pursue the project, and he also stayed there with his family.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.176 | 0.033 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".