2313 Quantitative analysis of neck muscle T2 relaxation times in cervical dystonia
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<h3>Objectives</h3> T2 relaxation times (T2RT) of muscles increase with physical exercise, however T2RT has not been studied in dystonic muscles with are in a state of constant activity. Major muscles involved in cervical dystonia (CD) include splenius capitis, semispinalis capitis, levator scapulae, sternocleidomastoid and trapezius which are also prime targets for botulinum toxin treatment. This study analysed the T2RTs in key neck muscles in CD, and compared them with normal subjects. <h3>Methods</h3> 23 CD subjects underwent MRI and clinical assessment just prior to their next cycle of botulinum toxin treatment. 3 patients were excluded from data analysis due to significant muscle atrophy. Using T2 images, two circular regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn in two mutually exclusive regions within neck muscle fibres at two different levels and the values averaged. ROI values were translated into T2RTs. T2RTs were compared with the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) and EMG activity score. <h3>Results</h3> CD subjects showed higher T2RTs in different neck muscles compared to normal subjects. T2RTs correlated with TWSTRS scores, but not EMG scores. When clinically separated into simple torticollis and complex CD, there were no significant differences in neck muscle T2RTs. <h3>Conclusion</h3> T2RT may be helpful in distinguishing dystonic vs normal neck muscles, allowing more accurate targeting of muscle groups for botulinum toxin treatment. T2RT may be supportive in the diagnosis of cervical dystonia. Future studies could compare qualitative EMG scoring and vs quantitative T2RTs in the identification and assessment of dystonic neck muscles.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it