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Record W4391586579 · doi:10.1515/9781787448322-001

Foreword

2021· book-chapter· en· W4391586579 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Timothy Snyder

Bibliographic record

VenueBoydell and Brewer eBooks · 2021
Typebook-chapter
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicHistorical and Contemporary Political Dynamics
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A young man named Myroslav Marynovych was arrested in 1977 for telling the truth about his country.The crime for which he was sentenced was the distribution of bulletins about human rights abuses in Soviet Ukraine.When he was arrested at twenty-eight, he was an agnostic.When he was released a decade later, he was a Christian ethicist and political thinker.This memoir is a humble, and a humbling, account of a man maturing in hell.In the 1970s, human rights posed an unexpected challenge to Soviet power.Along with the United States, Canada, and every European state except Albania, the USSR signed the Helsinki Final Act in 1975.This treaty was a turning point in the Cold War.It confirmed existing boundaries, prepared the way for arms-control negotiations, and affirmed human rights.In the Soviet Union and its east European satellites, citizens seized upon the concept of human rights to define their own public activity.If human rights were now the law of the land, went their reasoning, it must be legal to document violations.The Ukrainian Helsinki Group, which Marynovych joined in 1976, followed that logic.Its members published information about the harassment, arrests, trials, and sentences of Soviet citizens.This Ukrainian Helsinki Group's activity led directly to the persecution of its members, which was then recorded by those who remained.The milieu was loyal: some of those who were arrested refused to answer any questions at all; Marynovych claimed that he was personally responsible for all of the group's activities.Myroslav Marynovych was arrested on April 23, 1977, interrogated for nearly a year, and tried on March 22, 1978.He was sentenced to seven years in the Gulag and to five more years in internal exile.The facility to which he was sent, Perm-36, was perhaps the most notorious camp of its time.In the 1970s and 1980s it was used for people deemed to have committed "especially dangerous crimes against the state": that is, prisoners of conscience.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.885
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.036
GPT teacher head0.184
Teacher spread0.148 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2021
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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